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CHAIRMAN OF THE JOINT
CHIEFS OF STAFF
INSTRUCTION
J-3
CJCSI 3610.01A
DISTRIBUTION:
A, B, C, J, S 1 June 2001
AIRCRAFT
PIRACY (HIJACKING) AND DESTRUCTION OF DERELICT
AIRBORNE
OBJECTS
References:
See Enclosure D.
1.
Purpose. This instruction provides guidance to the Deputy Director
for
Operations (DDO), National Military Command Center (NMCC), and
operational
commanders in the event of an aircraft piracy (hijacking) or
request
for destruction of derelict airborne objects.
2.
Cancellation. CJCSI 3610.01, 31 July 1997.
3.
Applicability. This instruction applies to the Joint Staff, Services,
unified
commands, and the US Element, North American Aerospace
Defense
Command (USELEMNORAD).
4.
Policy.
a.
Aircraft Piracy (Hijacking) of Civil and Military Aircraft. Pursuant
to
references a and b, the Administrator, Federal Aviation Administration
(FAA),
has exclusive responsibility to direct law enforcement activity
related
to actual or attempted aircraft piracy (hijacking) in the “special
aircraft
jurisdiction” of the United States. When requested by the
Administrator,
Department of Defense will provide assistance to these
law
enforcement efforts. Pursuant to reference c, the NMCC is the focal
point
within Department of Defense for providing assistance. In the
event
of a hijacking, the NMCC will be notified by the most expeditious
means
by the FAA. The NMCC will, with the exception of immediate
responses
as authorized by reference d, forward requests for DOD
assistance
to the Secretary of Defense for approval. DOD assistance to
the
FAA will be provided in accordance with reference d. Additional
guidance
is provided in Enclosure A.
CJCSI
3610.01A
1
June 2001
2
b.
Aircraft Piracy (Hijacking) Preventive Measures for Military and
Military
Contract Aircraft. Reference c outlines general policy and
authority
of military commanders to protect and secure property under
their
command. References f and g provide policy and guidance for
commanders
on dealing with terrorism, and information for reducing
vulnerability
of DOD personnel, their family members, facilities, and
materiel
to acts of terrorism. Additional guidance is provided in
Enclosure
B.
(1)
A concerted effort will be made to prevent piracy (hijacking) of
military
or military contract aircraft by initiating security measures
designed
to minimize vulnerabilities and by stopping potential hijackers
before
they board the aircraft.
(2)
If preventive measures fail, any attempt to hijack a military
aircraft
will, if practicable, be resisted.
(3)
Assistance to hijacked aircraft will be rendered, as requested,
by
the aircraft commander, and as approved by the authority exercising
operational
control of the counter hijacking effort.
c.
Destruction of Derelict Airborne Objects. Derelict airborne objects
(for
example, unmanned free balloons, moored balloons or kites,
unmanned
non-nuclear rockets or missiles, unmanned aerial vehicles
(UAV)
or remotely operated vehicles (ROV)) are a potential threat to
public
safety. Military personnel may, upon request, be required to
track
and destroy such objects. The NMCC is the focal point for any
requests
for DOD assistance in tracking and destroying derelict
airborne
objects. With the exception of immediate responses as
authorized
by reference d, the NMCC will forward all requests for such
assistance
to the Secretary of Defense for approval. Enclosure D
provides
additional guidance.
5.
Definitions. Terms used in this instruction are in the Glossary.
6.
Responsibilities. The DDO, NMCC, is designated as the DOD
coordinating
authority between the FAA and operational commanders.
As
such, the DDO will forward all requests or proposals for DOD
military
assistance to the Secretary of Defense for approval, with the
exception
of immediate responses as defined by reference d. The
Services,
unified commands, and USELEMNORAD are responsible for
compliance
with this instruction and any other directives, laws, or
international
agreements involving aircraft piracy (hijacking) or derelict
airborne
object incidents. Records and logs for aircraft piracy
CJCSI
3610.01A
1
June 2001
3
(hijacking)
and destruction of derelict airborne object situations will be
maintained
for a minimum of 90 days to permit later reconstruction of
the
sequence of events. Records and logs requiring longer retention by
other
directives will be retained accordingly.
7.
Summary of Changes
a.
Unmanned vehicles (UAV, ROV) added to the description of
possible
derelict airborne objects.
b.
Statutory Authority for Responding to Aircraft Piracy enclosure
removed
and added to reference list.
c.
In various places throughout the document, “USELEMNORAD” was
replaced
with “NORAD.”
d.
FAA Order 7610.4J, 3 November 1998, “Special Military
Operations,”
was added as a reference.
8.
Releasability. This instruction is approved for public release;
distribution
is unlimited. DOD components (to include the combatant
commands),
other Federal agencies, and the public may obtain copies of
this
instruction through the Internet from the CJCS Directives Home
Page--http://www.dtic.mil/doctrine.
Copies are also available through
the
Government Printing Office on the Joint Electronic Library CD-ROM.
9.
Effective Date. This instruction is effective upon receipt.
S.
A. FRY
Vice
Admiral, U.S. Navy
Director,
Joint Staff
Enclosures:
A--Instructions
for Use in Piracy (Hijacking) of Civil Aircraft and Military
Aircraft
B--Instructions
for Aircraft Piracy (Hijacking) Preventive Measures for
Military
and Military Contract Aircraft
C--Instructions
for Destruction of Derelict Airborne Objects
D--References
CJCSI
3610.01A
1
June 2001
4
(INTENTIONALLY
BLANK)
CJCSI
3610.01A
1
June 2001
i
DISTRIBUTION
Distribution
A, B, C, and J plus the following:
Copies
Secretary
of State
.............................................................................
2
Secretary
of Defense........................................................................
10
Director
of Central Intelligence
........................................................ 20
Department
of Transportation ..........................................................
5
Federal
Aviation Administration
..................................................... 10
Federal
Bureau of Investigation
....................................................... 5
National
Military Command Center ..................................................
5
Secretary,
Joint
Staff.........................................................................
7
CINC
North American Aerospace Defense ........................................
25
CJCSI
3610.01A
1
June 2001
ii
(INTENTIONALLY
BLANK)
CJCSI
3610.01A
1
June 2001
Enclosure
A
A-1
ENCLOSURE
A
INSTRUCTIONS
FOR USE IN PIRACY (HIJACKING) OF CIVIL AIRCRAFT
AND
MILITARY AIRCRAFT
1.
Purpose. These instructions constitute actions to be taken by the
DDO,
NMCC, unified commanders, and the Commander, NORAD, in the
event
of a civil and military aircraft piracy (hijacking) incident.
2.
Coordination with Civil Authorities
a.
When an aircraft becomes the subject of an aircraft piracy offense
within
the US special aircraft jurisdiction, the FAA and the Department
Defense
will provide support in accordance with paragraph 3 of this
enclosure.
In addition, for military aircraft and military contract aircraft,
the
Department of Defense will take action to prevent the hijacking
attempt
and promptly notify the FAA and appropriate federal agencies.
The
Department of Defense will provide the FAA with all pertinent
information
involving onboard documents, equipment, weapons of mass
destruction
(WMD), or material that the Department of Defense has
determined
to be highly sensitive.
b.
When the aircraft piracy (hijacking) situation is outside of the
special
aircraft jurisdiction, the Department of Defense will take
appropriate
action, consistent with Federal law and applicable
status
of forces and other international agreements.
c.
The DDO, NMCC, and FAA will maintain coordination during the
aircraft
piracy situation.
3.
Procedures
a.
General. Military personnel will provide the following types of
support:
intercept, surveillance, lift, equipment, and communications.
Military
personnel may not participate in a search, seizure, arrest, or
other
similar activity. This restriction would include the apprehension
of
aircraft hijackers or use of military aircraft (fixed-wing or helicopter)
or
other vehicles as platforms for gunfire or the use of other weapons
against
suspected hijackers. In addition, assistance may not be
provided
under this enclosure if it could adversely affect national
security
or military preparedness.
CJCSI
3610.01A
1
June 2001
Enclosure
A
A-2
b.
Support. When notified that military assistance is needed in
conjunction
with an aircraft piracy (hijacking) emergency, the DDO,
NMCC,
will:
(1)
Determine whether or not the assistance needed is reasonably
available
from police or commercial sources. If not, the DDO, NMCC, will
notify
the appropriate unified command or NORAD to determine if suitable
assets
are available and will forward the request to the Secretary of
Defense
for approval in accordance with DODD 3025.15, paragraph D.7
(reference
d).
(2)
If suitable assets from a unified command or NORAD are not
reasonably
available, the DDO, NMCC, will coordinate with the appropriate
Military
Service operations center to provide military assistance.
c.
Military Escort Aircraft
(1)
When notified that military escort aircraft are needed in
conjunction
with an aircraft piracy (hijacking) emergency, the DDO,
NMCC,
will notify the appropriate unified command or USELEMNORAD to
determine
if suitable aircraft are available and forward the request to the
Secretary
of Defense for approval in accordance with DODD 3025.15,
paragraph
D.7 (reference d).
(2)
Pursuant to reference j, the escort service will be requested by
the
FAA hijack coordinator by direct contact with the NMCC. Normally,
NORAD
escort aircraft will take the required action. However, for the
purpose
of these procedures, the term “escort aircraft” applies to any
military
aircraft assigned to the escort mission. When the military can
provide
escort aircraft, the NMCC will advise the FAA hijack coordinator of
the
identification and location of the squadron tasked to provide escort
aircraft.
NMCC will then authorize direct coordination between FAA and
the
designated military unit. When a NORAD resource is tasked, FAA will
coordinate
through the appropriate Air Defense Sector/Regional Air
Operations
Center.
(3)
If the hijacked aircraft destination is Cuba, flight-following
aircraft
will maintain surveillance in case an emergency occurs over
international
waters and will notify USSOUTHCOM or NORAD
immediately
of any action taken. USSOUTHCOM or the Commander,
USELEMNORAD,
may terminate any escort activities south of 24N
whenever
appropriate to avoid Cuban airspace. For all foreign countries,
including
Cuba, flight-following aircraft should break away before
entering
the US-recognized territorial airspace of another country (or the
land
border if the other country is contiguous to the United States) and
CJCSI
3610.01A
1
June 2001
Enclosure
A
A-3
await
overflight clearance as necessary. See reference h for further
information
on US-recognized territorial airspace.
CJCSI
3610.01A
1
June 2001
Enclosure
A
A-4
(INTENTIONALLY
BLANK)
CJCSI
3610.01A
1
June 2001
Enclosure
B
B-1
ENCLOSURE
B
INSTRUCTIONS
FOR AIRCRAFT PIRACY (HIJACKING) PREVENTIVE
MEASURES
FOR MILITARY AND MILITARY CONTRACT AIRCRAFT
1.
Purpose. These instructions provide the Services, unified commands,
and
USELEMNORAD with the basic procedural guidance for preventing
and
resisting attempts to hijack military and military contract aircraft.
This
includes all civil aircraft while wholly and exclusively supporting the
Services
under contract, charter, or other arrangements.
2.
Policy. DOD policy (references e, f, and g) outlines general procedures
and
authority of military commanders to protect and secure property
under
their command and deal with terrorism and provides information
for
reducing the vulnerability of DOD personnel, their family members,
facilities,
and materiel to acts of terrorism.
3.
Preventive Measures
a.
The Services, unified commands, and USELEMNORAD will take
measures
designed to prevent unauthorized possession of weapons,
explosives,
or incendiary devices aboard aircraft.
b.
Through the use of training, briefings, and other means, all
travelers
will be reminded that:
(1)
Carrying weapons, explosives, or incendiary devices aboard
military
or military contract aircraft is prohibited, except when authorized
by
proper authority.
(2)
Passengers and baggage are subject to inspection as a condition
of
travel.
c.
A passenger screening process will be established to ensure positive
identification
of travelers and authenticity of travel documents. Personnel
engaged
in passenger processing and surveillance activities will be
instructed
to watch for and report any discrepancies, particularly the
possible
unauthorized possession of weapons, explosives, or incendiary
devices.
d.
Passengers and baggage accessible in flight will be inspected. All
baggage
will be screened as thoroughly as available resources permit
(X-ray,
explosive detector dogs, etc.) and will be accompanied by a
boarding
passenger. When inspection indicates cause for suspicion, a
CJCSI
3610.01A
1
June 2001
Enclosure
B
B-2
complete
examination of the suspected person and accompanying
baggage
is mandatory.
e.
Screening procedures will take into account the travel status of
passengers.
Neuropsychiatric patients, military prisoners, and
emotionally
disturbed personnel require special vigilance.
f.
The Services, unified commands, and USELEMNORAD will intensify
security
programs to prevent unauthorized access to aircraft by hijackers
who
bypass the passenger processing system. Military agencies
administering
airlift contracts with civil air carriers operating at civil
airfields
will consult with appropriate authorities to ensure mutually
acceptable
procedures for controlling access to the contract aircraft.
4.
Resisting Aircraft Piracy
a.
The Services, unified commands, and USELEMNORAD will establish
procedures
to report any suspected or actual acts of aircraft piracy
immediately
to the NMCC.
b.
When an act of air piracy involves a military installation, military
aircraft,
or military contract aircraft, the response should be according to
the
following guidelines until the FAA assumes active direction of efforts
to
regain control of the hijacked aircraft:
(1)
Any attempt to hijack a military aircraft will be resisted.
Resistance
may range from simple discussion through deception and
subterfuge
to direct physical confrontation, including the prudent use of
weapons
or deadly force.
(2)
If practicable, aircraft movement will be delayed to allow time
for
ground personnel and the aircrew to establish communication and
execute
coordinated resistance actions. Aircrews faced with an aircraft
piracy
(hijacking) threat will notify ground agencies by any means
available
as soon as practicable and will follow up with situation reports,
when
possible.
(3)
The Chiefs of the Services and CINCs will identify in their
planning
documents the levels of command authorized to discontinue
delaying
actions (e.g., installation commander, senior officer on scene).
Within
this authorization, the commander at the highest available level
will
determine whether delaying actions should be discontinued.
CJCSI
3610.01A
1
June 2001
Enclosure
B
B-3
(4)
Ground personnel will positively prevent takeoff when nuclear
weapons
are aboard the aircraft. The presence of hostages will not deter
taking
prompt, effective action, including the use of deadly force, to
prevent
unauthorized access or removal or to recover a WMD.
c.
The many variables of an aircraft piracy (hijacking) attempt preclude
providing
a specific counter hijacking procedure to be followed by aircrew.
However,
within the basic policy of resistance, the individual Services will
identify
and issue guidance to aircrews consistent with reference h.
(1)
Factors to be considered include the nature of the threat,
imminent
danger to the aircraft in flight, destination indicated by the
hijacker(s),
and the presence of sensitive material aboard the aircraft.
(2)
Some counter hijacking techniques the aircrew should consider
are:
(a)
Convincing the hijacker(s) to discontinue the course of
action.
(b)
Proposing more favorable alternatives, such as landing in a
neutral
rather than an unfriendly country.
(c)
Exploiting any reasonable opportunity to physically
incapacitate
or overcome the hijackers including the prudent use of
firearms.
Aircrews are authorized to make such an attempt if they
consider
that escape is their only hope. The aircrew must weigh carefully
the
unique circumstances of the terrorist situation and all aspects of a
decision
to attempt escape. See reference i.
CJCSI
3610.01A
1
June 2001
Enclosure
B
B-4
(INTENTIONALLY
BLANK)
CJCSI
3610.01A
1
June 2001
Enclosure
C
C-1
ENCLOSURE
C
INSTRUCTIONS
FOR DESTRUCTION OF DERELICT AIRBORNE OBJECTS
1.
Purpose. These instructions constitute actions to be taken by the
DDO,
NMCC, unified commanders, and the Commander,
USELEMNORAD,
for destruction of derelict airborne objects.
2.
Policy. This instruction provides guidance for the destruction of
derelict
objects (e.g., unmanned free balloons, moored balloons, kites,
unmanned
non-nuclear rockets or missiles, UAV or ROV) over United
States
or international airspace.
a.
For unmanned derelict airborne objects that become a hazard to
domestic
air navigation or a threat to domestic ground facilities or public
safety,
military personnel may be required to perform surveillance
and/or
destroy the unmanned derelict airborne object.
b.
Destruction of derelict airborne objects over foreign airspace
requires
a request or permission by the foreign government and approval
by
the Secretary of Defense. The DDO, NMCC, will be notified by the
most
expeditious means when control of an object is lost, if an object
becomes
a hazard to air navigation, or if the FAA (or another agency)
desires
the military to destroy the hazard. The notifications will be made
by
the FAA, NORAD, or the agency that has employed the object.
3.
Procedures
a.
When notified of a derelict airborne object, the DDO, NMCC, will
direct
a derelict object conference and poll NORAD or the FAA for
position,
altitude, time, and fuel exhaustion, if available and applicable.
b.
The DDO, NMCC, will determine the appropriate unified command
(or
NORAD) capable of effecting destruction in the event destruction is
subsequently
required.
c.
If destruction is required, the DDO, NMCC will, forward all
requests
or proposals for DOD military assistance to the DOD Executive
Secretary
and appropriate OSD staff offices, and then to the Secretary of
Defense
for approval in accordance with DODD 3025.15, paragraph D.7
(reference
d).
CJCSI
3610.01A
1
June 2001
Enclosure
C
C-2
d.
The DDO, NMCC, will notify the appropriate CINC or Service of
execution
instructions. After destruction, the appropriate CINC or
Service
will record time of destruction, method used, and an estimated
point
of destruction.
CJCSI
3610.01A
1
June 2001
Enclosure
D
D-
1
ENCLOSURE
D
REFERENCES
a.
49 USC 46501, “Definitions”
b.
49 USC 44903(e) “Exclusive Responsibility Over Passenger Safety”
c.
MOU between the Department of Transportation and Department of
Defense,
7 August 1978, “Aircraft Piracy”
d.
DOD Directive 3025.15, 18 February 1997, “Military Assistance to
Civil
Authorities”
e.
DOD Directive 5200.8, 25 April 1991, “Security of DOD Installations
and
Resources”
f.
DOD Directive 2000.12, 15 September 1996, “DOD Combating
Terrorism
Program”
g.
DOD Directive 0-2000.12-H, 19 February 1993, with change 1, dated
21
May 1993 and change 2, dated 3 October 1997, “Protection of DOD
Personnel
and Activities Against Acts of Terrorism and Political
Turbulence”
h.
DOD Directive 2005.1M, January 1997, “Maritime Claims Reference
Manual”
i.
DOD Directive 1300.7, 8 December 2000, “Training and Education
Measures
Necessary to Support the Code of Conduct”
j.
FAA Order 7610.4J, 3 November 1998, “Special Military Operations”
CJCSI
3610.01A
1
June 2001
Enclosure
D
D-
2
(INTENTIONALLY
BLANK)
CJCSI
3610.01A
1
June 2001
GL-1
GLOSSARY
PART
I--ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS
DDO
Deputy Director for Operations
DODD
Department of Defense directive
FAA
Federal Aviation Administration
NMCC
National Military Command Center
NORAD
North American Aerospace Defense Command
ROV
remotely operated vehicles
UAV
unmanned aerial vehicles
USELEMNORD
US Element, North American Aerospace Defense
Command
USC
US Code
WMD
Weapons of Mass Destruction
PART
II--DEFINITIONS
DOD
installation. A fixed area controlled by the Department of Defense,
including
the military air operations area of a joint installation.
DOD
aircraft. Any aircraft operated by, for, or under the control of the
Department
of Defense.
moored
balloon. A balloon moored to the surface of the earth, or any
object
that has a diameter of 6 feet or gas capacity of more than 115
cubic
feet.
moored
kite. A kite weighing more than 5 pounds flown at the end of
a
rope or cable (e.g., "gyroglider").
United
States. The 50 states, District of Columbia, Commonwealth of
Puerto
Rico, possessions and territories, including the territorial waters
and
overlying airspace.
unmanned
free balloon. A balloon carrying a payload of more than 4
pounds,
or two or more packages weighing more than 12 pounds, and
CJCSI
3610.01A
1
June 2001
GL-2
equipped
with a suspension device (e.g., rope) that requires an impact
force
of more than 50 pounds to separate payload from balloon.
unmanned
rocket. Any rocket, except aerial firework displays and model
rockets,
using not more than 4 ounces of a slow burning-propellant
made
of paper, wood, or breakable plastic containing no substantial
parts
weighing more than 16 ounces, including the propellant.
NOTE:
These terms have not been approved for inclusion in Joint Pub
1-02,
"Department of Defense Dictionary of Military and Associated
Terms,"
and apply only within the scope or context of this document.
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