From Bloomberg: Fake news and social media posts are such a threat to U.S. security that the Defense Department is launching a project to repel "large-scale, automated disinformation attacks." One of the Pentagon's most secretive agencies, the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA), is developing "custom software that can unearth fakes hidden among more than 500,000 stories, photos, video and audio clips." It's the latest in a string of stories about new methods of control over information flow that should, but for some reason do not, horrify every working journalist. "Fake news" is a poorly-defined, amorphous concept that the public has been trained to fear without really understanding. Fake news has a long history in America. The worst "fake news" almost always involves broad-scale deceptions foisted on the public by official (and often unnamed) sources, in conjunction with oligopolistic media companies, usually in service of rallying the public behind a dubious policy objective like a war or authoritarian crackdown. From the ... Gulf of Tonkin lie that launched the Vietnam War, to the more recent WMD fiasco, true "fake news" is a concerted, organized, institutional phenomenon that involves deceptions cooked up at the highest levels. If there's a fake news story out there, it's the fake news panic itself. Of course, the final, omnipresent ingredient in most major propaganda campaigns is the authoritarian solution. Here, it's unelected, unsupervised algorithmic control over media.