When marine geologist Mick O'Leary showed a group of Australian First Nations Elders a digital model of two ancient watering holes he had recently locatednow under 14 meters of ocean"one man perked up, struggled to his feet and began speaking excitedly. Timmy Douglas, had recognized the watering holes as part of a songline he'd known all his life. Songlines involve using dramatic story songs that First Nations people began creating long before the written word as a mnemonic and spiritual system to navigate Australia's harsh terrain: they would do so by singing the songs as they walked across the land. These songs, which also define groups and laws and impart cultural values, have been passed down from one generation to the next over thousands of years. The connection of the songline to a recent and remarkable archeological find by O'Leary and his colleagues illustrates how First Nations groups and modern scientists are learning to work together"in this case to find evidence of the ancient humans who lived on land that is now underwater, what the Murujuga Elders call "Sea Country." Such evidence now includes stone tools that the scientists found last year on the ocean floor near the submerged watering holes. O'Leary says that although the research team did not physically follow the songline to make its discovery, he thinks that kind of collaboration might happen in the near future.