The worst drought in three decades has left almost 20 million Ethiopians - one-fifth of the population - desperately short of food. And yet the country's mortality rate isn't expected to increase: In other words, Ethiopians aren't starving to death. I've studied famine and humanitarian relief for more than 30 years, and I wasn't prepared for what I saw during a visit to Ethiopia last month. I saw imported wheat being brought to the smallest and most remote villages. Water was delivered to places where wells had run dry. Malnourished children were being treated in properly staffed clinics. Compare that to the aftermath of the 1984 drought, which killed at least 600,000 people, [and] caused the economy to shrink by nearly 14 percent. How did Ethiopia go from being the world's symbol of mass famines to fending off starvation? Peace, greater transparency and prudent planning. Ethiopia's success in averting another disaster is confirmation that famine is elective because, at its core, it is an artifact and a tool of political repression. After countries have passed a certain threshold of prosperity and development, peace, political liberalization and greater government accountability are the best safeguards against famine. So is the era of great famines finally over? Let's just say it could be. Famine isn't caused by overpopulation, and as Ethiopia's experience shows, it's not a necessary consequence of drought. Politics creates famine, and politics can stop it.