Pope Francis on [November 26] issued a bold new document - in Vatican parlance an apostolic exhortation" - called Evangelii Gaudium or "The Joy of the Gospel." In this document, he sets out an exciting new vision of how to be a church. It is to be a joyful community of believers completely unafraid of the modern world, completely unafraid of change and completely unafraid of challenges. The exhortation [expresses] an overriding concern for the poor in the world. Francis champions an idea that has lately been out of favor: the church's "preferential option" for the poor. "God's heart has a special place for the poor," the Pope says. But it is not enough simply to say that God loves the poor in a special way and leave it at that. We must be also vigilant in our care and advocacy for them. Everyone must do this, says the Pope. "None of us can think we are exempt from concern for the poor and for social justice." And in case anyone misses the point, after a critique of the "idolatry of money" and an "economy of exclusion," the Pope says: "The Pope loves everyone, rich and poor alike, but he is obliged in the name of Christ to remind all that the rich must help, respect and promote the poor. I exhort you to generous solidarity and a return of economics and finance to an ethical approach which favors human beings." This does not mean simply caring for the poor, it means addressing the structures that keep them poor: "The need to resolve the structural causes of poverty cannot be delayed."