In 2015, the journalist Steven Levy interviewed Elon Musk and Sam Altman, two founders of OpenAI. A galaxy of Silicon Valley heavyweights, fearful of the potential consequences of AI, created the company as a non-profit-making charitable trust with the aim of developing technology in an ethical fashion to benefit "humanity as a whole". Musk, who stepped down from OpenAI's board six years ago ... is now suing his former company for breach of contract for having put profits ahead of the public good and failing to develop AI "for the benefit of humanity". In 2019, OpenAI created a for-profit subsidiary to raise money from investors, notably Microsoft. When it released ChatGPT in 2022, the model's inner workings were kept hidden. It was necessary to be less open, Ilya Sutskever, another of OpenAI's founders and at the time the company's chief scientist, claimed in response to criticism, to prevent those with malevolent intent from using it "to cause a great deal of harm". Fear of the technology has become the cover for creating a shield from scrutiny. The problems that AI poses are not existential, but social. From algorithmic bias to mass surveillance, from disinformation and censorship to copyright theft, our concern should not be that machines may one day exercise power over humans but that they already work in ways that reinforce inequalities and injustices, providing tools by which those in power can consolidate their authority.
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