Dr Aseem Malhotra, an NHS cardiologist and a trustee of the King's Fund health think tank, claims there is a systemic lack of transparency in the information being given to doctors to prescribe medication, in terms of the benefits of drugs being grossly exaggerated and their side effects under reported in studies". Dr Malhotra said the prevalence of pharmaceutical companies, which are "profit making businesses" being able to fund studies and drug trials causes biased information to be recorded and reported on in medical journals. This is in turn "creating an epidemic of misinformed doctors," he said. This lack of transparency ... harms patients through the adverse side effects of drugs, Dr Malhotra said, citing an FDA report that found adverse events from prescribed medications caused 123,000 deaths in the USA in 2014 and 800,000 serious patient outcomes, which include hospitalisation or potentially causing disability. The FDA report also states that the number of adverse events from prescribed medications have tripled in the past 10 years in America. While the UK does not have the same kind of data, Peter Gotze, professor of research design at the University of Copenhagen, has evidence to suggest that prescribed drugs are the third biggest killer behind heart disease and cancer. Last year the Academy of Medical Royal Colleges launched a campaign to stop doctors from 'over-treating' patients.