The very week the United States' Defense Security Cooperation Agency notified Congress of a $346 million arms sale to Nigeria, the U.S. State Department also released its 2024 Country report on human rights practices in the West African country. Security forces of Nigeria, Washington's most significant ally in Sub-Saharan Africa, habitually operate with impunity and without due regard for human rights protection " a key condition for receiving U.S. security cooperation. For example, the report spotlighted the following human rights abuses as ongoing concerns: "arbitrary and unlawful killings; disappearances; or cruel, inhuman, or degrading treatment or punishment; arbitrary arrest or detention; serious abuses in a conflict." It also claimed that "military operations against ISIS-WA, Boko Haram, and criminal organization targets" often resulted in civilian deaths. Other findings include the use of "excessive force," "sexual violence and other forms of abuse" by the military. Since the 1950s, the U.S. has been the world's leading arms-exporting nation accounting between 2019 and 2023 for 42 percent of all global arms exports. Several laws exist ostensibly to regulate and ensure that U.S. security assistance is provided to allies without undermining America's core values. However, not once have any of the relevant legal provisions conditioning arms sales on respect for human rights and civilian harm concerns been enforced.
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