On 28 March this year, the scientific peer review of a landmark United States government study concluded that there is "clear evidence" that radiation from mobile phones causes cancer, specifically, a heart tissue cancer in rats that is too rare to be explained as random occurrence. The study, which was done by the National Toxicology Program of the US Department of Health and Human Services and ranks among the largest conducted of the health effects of mobile phone radiation. NTP scientists had exposed thousands of rats and mice (whose biological similarities to humans make them useful indicators of human health risks) to doses of radiation equivalent to an average mobile user's lifetime exposure. The peer review scientists repeatedly upgraded the confidence levels the NTP's scientists and staff had attached to the study, fuelling critics' suspicions that the NTP's leadership had tried to downplay the findings. Thus the peer review also found "some evidence" - one step below "clear evidence" - of cancer in the brain and adrenal glands. The Internet of Things will require augmenting today's 4G technology with 5G technology, thus "massively increasing" the general population's exposure to radiation, according to a petition signed by 236 scientists worldwide who have published more than 2,000 peer-reviewed studies and represent "a significant portion of the credentialled scientists in the radiation research field", according to Joel Moskowitz ... at the University of California.